Noun to be stuck in the past, to not progress

Entrenchment

The process or fact of an attitude, habit, or belief becoming so firmly established that change is very difficult or unlikely. Lexico - Oxford

When you are entrenched, you are not just habituated to the past. You are fixated on the righteousness of your ways, your system, your history -- stuck in the past, refusing to change or progress.

You dug your trench and expect to stay a while.

A society ruled by corruption and conservatism:

the quality of not usually liking or trusting change, especially sudden change.

(Cambridge Dictionary)

Stagnation

• a state or condition marked by lack of flow, movement, or development - Merriam-webster

• a foulness or staleness, as one emanating from a standing pool of water.

• a failure to develop, progress, or advance: periods of economic stagnation followed by bursts of growth.

• the state or quality of being or feeling sluggish and dull - Dictionary.com

• prolonged period of little or no growth in an economy - Investopedia

Points out more specifically at economy.

Luddism.

Luddism (noun): the beliefs or practices of the Luddites

Luddite (noun): one who is opposed to especially technological change "The Luddite argued that automation destroys jobs."

So, "A society ruled by corruption and Luddism" would be a society that opposes change, especially technological change - probably because automation and technology threatens to upset the rackets of those in charge.