What is the word to mean to apply attributes of an entire race to a single individual?
Solution 1:
Where racism is a move from specific to general, discrimination is a move from the more general to the more specific.
discrimination 3. Treatment or consideration based on class or category rather than individual merit; partiality or prejudice
This means that prejudices held by an individual towards a group are transferred onto a single individual without regards to his individual merits. Of course, discrimination has a more general sense (as does racism) but according to your dichotomy, it fits the movement from general prejudice to individual prejudice.
Solution 2:
You are looking for:
stereotype : 4. (Sociology) A set of inaccurate, simplistic generalizations about a group that allows others to categorize them and treat them accordingly
In your case it would be racial stereotyping.