What is the stylistic form to use for including foreign text in an English article?
Solution 1:
Your example "Japanese singer Kyu Sakamoto (坂本 九 )" is quite good. You could try to write your essay similarly: "Mikhail Gorbachev initiated the political reforms of 'restructuring' or 'perestroika' (перестройка)" - and use original word only once (for the first mentioning). The same way is used in Russian.