If [sentence] is [adjective]
Solution 1:
FIRST PARAGRAPH:
What is unclear is whether these more problematic examples represent a recent development or are in fact central members of the constructional category.
OR
Whether these more problematic examples represent a recent development or are in fact central members of the constructional category is unclear.
OR
It is unclear whether these more problematic examples represent a recent development or are in fact central members of the constructional category.
SECOND PARAGRAPH:
What remains unclear is whether there is indeed a degree of distance from L1 that qualifies as too far to cause dissimilation.
OR
Whether or not there is indeed a degree of distance from L1 that qualifies as too far to cause dissimilation remains unclear.
If you really wanted to start with 'If', you could say:
If there is indeed a degree of distance from L1 that qualifies as too far to cause dissimilation, that fact remains unclear.
But it's not as idiomatic.
We don't use 'Unclear' at the start of a sentence.