Disk unmounted showing in disk utility [duplicate]

I have two drives inside my MBP, an SSD for the OS and the original HDD for large Data. The HDD has 3 Partitions:

  1. My Data (Core Storage volume)
  2. 20Gb for Linux
  3. 4Gb for Linux Swap

Recently I ran repair disk on the drive, as Disk Utility thought it was damaged. The repair aborted with the request to format and restore the whole drive, but I could use it like before (so maybe unrelated). Last night, everything was normal, but when I woke up, my data partition looked like this:

enter image description here

It used to be named Macintosh HD (like the drive) and now it has lost its name and the partition type turned into FFFFFFFF-FFFF-FFFF-FFFF-FFFFFFFFFFFF. diskutil info /dev/disk1s2 reports

   Device Identifier:        disk1s2
   Device Node:              /dev/disk1s2
   Part of Whole:            disk1
   Device / Media Name:      Macintosh HD

   Volume Name:              Not applicable (no file system)

   Mounted:                  Not applicable (no file system)

   File System:              None

   Partition Type:           FFFFFFFF-FFFF-FFFF-FFFF-FFFFFFFFFFFF
   OS Can Be Installed:      No
   Media Type:               Generic
   Protocol:                 SATA
   SMART Status:             Verified
   Disk / Partition UUID:    00002980-188B-0000-A938-00003F710000

   Total Size:               475.0 GB (474999996416 Bytes) (exactly 927734368 512-Byte-Units)
   Volume Free Space:        Not applicable (no file system)
   Device Block Size:        512 Bytes

   Read-Only Media:          No
   Read-Only Volume:         Not applicable (no file system)
   Ejectable:                No

   Whole:                    No
   Internal:                 Yes
   Solid State:              No

Also a partition named Boot OS X seems to be constantly mounted, even after restart, which has not been the case before. Now, I have most of the data backed up, but can I somehow get my partition back without all the hassle?

Edit:

$ sudo gpt -r show /dev/disk1
gpt show: /dev/disk1: Suspicious MBR at sector 0
      start       size  index  contents
          0          1         MBR
          1          1         Pri GPT header
          2         32         Pri GPT table
         34          6
         40     409600      1  GPT part - C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B
     409640  927734368      2  GPT part - FFFFFFFF-FFFF-FFFF-FFFF-FFFFFFFFFFFF
  928144008     262144      3  GPT part - 48465300-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC
  928406152     615800
  929021952   39294976      4  GPT part - EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7
  968316928       2048
  968318976    8388608      5  GPT part - 0657FD6D-A4AB-43C4-84E5-0933C84B4F4F
  976707584      65551
  976773135         32         Sec GPT table
  976773167          1         Sec GPT header


$ sudo fdisk /dev/disk1
Disk: /dev/disk1    geometry: 60801/255/63 [976773168 sectors]
Signature: 0xAA55
         Starting       Ending
 #: id  cyl  hd sec -  cyl  hd sec [     start -       size]
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1: EE 1023 254  63 - 1023 254  63 [         1 -     409639] <Unknown ID>
*2: DA 1023 254  63 - 1023 254  63 [    409640 -  927734368] <Unknown ID>
 3: AF 1023 254  63 - 1023 254  63 [ 928144008 -     262144] HFS+
 4: 83 1023 254  63 - 1023 254  63 [ 929021952 -   39294976] Linux files*

Since I know that it was an OSX Journaled file system in a Core Storage Volume, can I somehow convince OSX of this fact and fix the partition? Do I maybe need to edit the partition table?

As suggested, I removed partitions 2 and 3 with

sudo gpt remove -i 3 /dev/disk1
diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk1
sudo gpt remove -i 2 /dev/disk1

Now the partition table is

$ sudo gpt -r show /dev/disk1
gpt show: /dev/disk1: Suspicious MBR at sector 0
      start       size  index  contents
          0          1         MBR
          1          1         Pri GPT header
          2         32         Pri GPT table
         34          6
         40     409600      1  GPT part - C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B
     409640  927734368      2  MBR part 218
  928144008     262144      3  MBR part 175
  928406152     615800
  929021952   39294976      4  GPT part - EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7
  968316928       2048
  968318976    8388608      5  GPT part - 0657FD6D-A4AB-43C4-84E5-0933C84B4F4F
  976707584      65551
  976773135         32         Sec GPT table
  976773167          1         Sec GPT header

You have to edit the partition table and modify the type of disk1s2 (and correct the type of disk1s3) to get your main data partition back and make Boot OS X invisible:

  1. Log-in as admin
  2. Open Terminal and enter

    sudo gpt -r show /dev/disk1
    

    to get an overview

  3. Unmount disk1:

    diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk1
    
  4. Remove partition 2 and 3:

    sudo gpt remove -i 3 /dev/disk1
    diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk1
    sudo gpt remove -i 2 /dev/disk1
    
  5. Re-add the partition 2 and 3

    diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk1
    sudo gpt add -b 928144008 -i 3 -s 262144 -t 426F6F74-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC /dev/disk1
    diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk1
    sudo gpt add -b 409640 -i 2 -s 927734368 -t 53746F72-6167-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC /dev/disk1
    

The correct partition type of a Boot OS X partition is 426F6F74-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC (like a Recovery HD partition) and 53746F72-6167-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC for a CoreStorage partition.


Update: gpt behaves strange because the partition table contains an MBR instead of an PMBR - the MBR has to be replaced by a PMBR:

  • Reboot your Mac
  • Open Terminal and enter

    sudo gpt -r show /dev/disk1
    

    to get an overview and all partition sizes/types

  • rebuilding the GUID partition table and destroying the bogus MBR

    diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk1
    sudo gpt destroy /dev/disk1
    diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk1
    sudo gpt create -f /dev/disk1
    sudo gpt add -b 40 -i 1 -s 409600 -t C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B /dev/disk1
    sudo gpt add -b 409640 -i 2 -s 927734368 -t 53746F72-6167-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC /dev/disk1       
    diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk2 
    diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk1
    sudo gpt add -b 928144008 -i 3 -s 262144 -t 426F6F74-0000-11AA-AA11-00306543ECAC /dev/disk1
    diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk2
    diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk1
    sudo gpt add -b 929021952 -i 4 -s 39294976 -t EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7 /dev/disk1
    diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk2
    diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk1
    sudo gpt add -b 968318976 -i 5 -s 8388608 -t 0657FD6D-A4AB-43C4-84E5-0933C84B4F4F /dev/disk1