Internal typedefs in C++ - good style or bad style?

I think it is excellent style, and I use it myself. It is always best to limit the scope of names as much as possible, and use of classes is the best way to do this in C++. For example, the C++ Standard library makes heavy use of typedefs within classes.

It serves as a statement of intent - in the example above, the Lorem class is intended to be reference counted via boost::shared_ptr and stored in a vector.

This is exactly what it does not do.

If I see 'Foo::Ptr' in the code, I have absolutely no idea whether it's a shared_ptr or a Foo* (STL has ::pointer typedefs that are T*, remember) or whatever. Esp. if it's a shared pointer, I don't provide a typedef at all, but keep the shared_ptr use explicitly in the code.

Actually, I hardly ever use typedefs outside Template Metaprogramming.

The STL does this type of thing all the time

The STL design with concepts defined in terms of member functions and nested typedefs is a historical cul-de-sac, modern template libraries use free functions and traits classes (cf. Boost.Graph), because these do not exclude built-in types from modelling the concept and because it makes adapting types that were not designed with the given template libraries' concepts in mind easier.

Don't use the STL as a reason to make the same mistakes.

Typedefs are the ones what policy based design and traits built upon in C++, so The power of Generic Programming in C++ stems from typedefs themselves.