USB-to-Serial showing gibberish at 115200 Baud

After thinking it through and finding a single post which was a little bit in the right direction I figured out it is the only remaining possibility to invert the signal and give it a try. Fortunately FT232RL has option flags in it's EEPROM (programmable with "MProg" by FTDI) to set this:

After this, everything worked on every Baud rate. Don't ask me why, I have no technical explanation for it. I'm looking forward to get an oscilloscope for further investigation. Never saw such a strange problem before.

I tested my USB-to-Serial with a Cisco Switch too and it didn't work without this inversion.

I too had the same problem connecting to our MCU at speeds over 57600 and after suspecting our UART, I found that a Silicon Labs CP2102 USB to UART Bridge (TTL) worked properly at higher baud rates without having to tweak the FTDI chipset.