Name for an item that is out of tolerance or over a threshold [closed]

Solution 1:

It looks like you're seeking a noun, but if you're willing to nominalize a verb, you could choose to use the word breach.

Per OED definition 1.b. of breach as a verb:

figurative; spec. in Financial and Stock Exchange jargon, to go beyond (above or below) (a figure)

A citation in the OED from The Economist presents a good example of its use to mean "breaking over a tolerance or threshold

1984 Economist 10 Mar. 52/2 So far, Mr Nakasone has not dared to breach the 1% mark.

Breach is also a noun. The OED does not explicitly denote a noun meaning for "breach" that means "an instance of breaking over a tolerance or threshold," but since the term is used this way as a verb frequently in technical fields, the meaning would be clear if you were to write something along the line of "Process breaches."

It is worth noting that as a noun, the word tends to mean a kind of "breaking." Hence, "data breaches" is a common term in the information security community. In the case of this example it would be taken to indicate that the item has "broken" out of the tolerance level.

Solution 2:

I know it means something different to you, since you're a software developer (like me), but this sounds like an exception:

a case to which a rule does not apply

(source: Merriam-Webster)

A reasonable alternative would be to adjectivize it, e.g. "Process exceptional cases".

Solution 3:

noncomplier works for this.

Significant noncomplier (SNC) means a water system that is violating or has violated department rules and the violations may create or have created an imminent or a significant risk to human health.

https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/significant-noncomplier-snc

A habitual noncomplier (HNC, also known as an egregious repeater) is an individual with a history or pattern of noncompliance—a person who serially and deliberately does not comply—even after compliance intervention.

https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-soi/12resconnoncomply.pdf