What language techniques are used in this well-known quote from Macbeth? [closed]
This is antimetabole: the repetition of words, but in a reversed order. For example in the sentence
"I meant what I said, and I said what I meant." — Dr. Seuss, Horton Hatches the Egg
The words meant and said appear twice, the second time in reversed order.
The same pattern is clear in your quote.