How can I modify start screen shortcuts properties?

Solution 1:

Ah, my bad... After reading the comments on my question, I tested with Notepad and this seems to work.

So in my case it is only PowerShell that seems to ignore the "Start In" parameter. I thought it might have been my PowerShell profile somehow changing the start directory and I have disabled the whole profile, but no cigar. But I guess this would be a different question then.

So the actual answer to the question is:

Right-click the shortcut in the Start Menu, choose Open File Location, and change the properties on the shortcut file.