When do my tools consume durability?

Looking for a source on what exactly consumes durability on tools such as:

And not tools, with no durability, such as the Ocarina, Vaulting Pole, and the Ladder.

Basically:

Do misses consume durability?
- Player character whiffs, hitting nothing but air
- In the case of the fishing rod, character performs the action but does nothing if not close enough to water.
Do trivial actions consume durability?
- Hitting an NPC in the face with an axe, shovel, net
- Hitting any non-action item with an axe, shovel, net (such as hitting a building, or a non-farmable rock)
- Watering an NPC with the watering can, or just watering anything that isn't a flower
- Using a shovel to dig up dirt (but not anything that isn't dirt, like Fossils, Flowers, Trees, etc.)
- Using a shovel to fill in holes
- Using a shovel on a rock that has already yielded the daily items

Solution 1:

Axe: Consumes durability when hitting a tree(even if you don't get any wood), no other times.
Shovel: Anytime you hit a rock, or when digging holes to dig up flowers, trees, fossils, or other buried goods. Not when digging holes with nothing in them.
Slingshot: Hitting balloons out of the sky. Hitting other things or missing will not count.
Fishing Rod: When catching fish or trash. No other times.
Bug Net: Catching bugs. Missing or hitting people does not count.
Watering Can: Not currently completely understood. It seems like not watering anything for a day is worth one flower, and missing a flower is worth one tenth of watering a flower.