Is there any way to bypass the Steam trading cool down?
Do you always have to wait a certain amount of time when you want to trade on Steam if you change your password or change your Steam guard? Is there any way to surpass this or do I simply have to wait an entire month?
No there isn't a way. The whole reason for the delays is to protect your account in the event it was compromised.
More information can be found here (too much to list).
There's no way to bypass the cooldown, as you said yourself, you must wait.