Me and my ancestors - single word

line of descent.

Noun - the kinship relation between an individual and the individual's progenitors. ≡filiation, lineage, descent

(TFD)

lineage:

The word lineage is used to describe everyone who descends from a particular ancestor.

• (n) the kinship relation between an individual and the individual's progenitors. (vocabulary.com)

Probably you are looking for bilateral descent : line of descent traced through both the maternal and paternal sides of the family .

• Descent in a line from a common progenitor, descending line of offspring or ascending line of parentage. (wiki)

How about Bloodline ?

All the members of a family group over generations, esp regarding characteristics common to that group; pedigree

EDIT: It will be unlikely to have such a single word in any language as it would be rather wasteful to have a word that cannot be used to talk about forebears other than the speakers or writers own and this is a rather rare need. Almost all the other words offered will still have to be qualified with my or of mine to make sense and so fail the single word requirement in a way.

If OP has no children he can use two words to accurately fulfil the requirements with My bloodline which will include OP, however children would usually be included in the bloodline if they exist.

Family tree, though two words, is a useful expression to refer to yourself and your predecessors:

• A diagram showing the relationships between people in several generations of a family; a genealogical tree.

(ODO)

Several good suggestions have been made here already.

One more possibility:

Pedigree: The recorded ancestry [or lineage] of a person or family. (Oxford)