Did I lose access to the quest because I lost a game of Gwent?
Around the time you get your stuff back in Vizema, just after the talking to
the King and Yennifer
there is a gentleman sitting the the courtyard with a yellow "!" questmarker on the mini map.
I rushed over, eager to get a new quest, and ended up in a game of Gwent which I only narrowly lost despite having far inferior cards.
The quest icon promptly disappeared and now I am wondering if I lost my chance to get a quest from this guy.
Has anyone beaten him at Gwent and received a quest or is the marker just there to indicate that you can play Gwent with him? I would assume that this is not the case as it disappears after losing.
I completed that particular bit a few hours ago. If I recall, nothing happened after I'd beaten him, I'm pretty sure it was just to signify that you could play gwent against him.
According to the Wiki he doesn't launch a new quest, but he is instrumental to the Collect 'Em All quest. I believe that the mark is indeed to specify you can play Gwent with him because beating him is vital to completing the Collect 'Em All quest (as well as the Card Collector achievement).