The use of "habit " as an alternative to "used to" [closed]
Are the following structures synonyms? I used to smoke. I was in the habit of smoking. I got into the habit of smoking. I fell into the habit of smoking.
Solution 1:
- I was in the habit of smoking.
- I got in(to) the habit of smoking.
- I fell into the habit of smoking.
- I used to smoke.
(1-4) are all grammatical, and can all be used to describe the same contexts,
but they don't have the same grammar, and they don't mean the same things.
- (4) is an idiomatic past auxiliary construction used to (pronounced /'yustu/ or /'yustə/),
which takes an infinitive complement (here the habitual generic infinitive to smoke).
The others are stative and inchoative uses of the idiom Det
habit of V
-ing,
using a container metaphor, whence in or into:
(1) is a normal stative Locative construction, auxiliary be +
PreoPh
; into is not allowed here.(2) is an inchoative construction (get is an inchoative for be), using the same metaphor.
It comments on the initiation of the habit; if it's considered as motion, into is allowed here.(3) is a more metaphoric inchoative, adding a gravitational field to the container,
and requiring a motion construal of the initiation as a fall; into is required here.
As for meanings,
(4) states that I smoked at a past time and presupposes that I no longer do.
(1) states that I smoked at a past time and invites the inference that I no longer do.
(2) states that I started to smoke and continued the habit of smoking at a past time.
It says nothing about the present state of my habits; this must be determined from context.- (3) makes the same statement as (2), but construes the initiation of the habit as an error.
As you can see, there are no synonyms here;
indeed, once you look at the fine structure of anything, there are no real synonyms.
Solution 2:
No. All of these constructs could refer to the same thing, but they don't convey the exact same meaning.
"I used to smoke" - perhaps the speaker only smoked occasionally, not habitually, and has since stopped. This sentence doesn't describe a habit, even though it could be referring to one: "I used to smoke two packs a day" would clearly indicate habitual smoking.
"Used to" also works for things we wouldn't describe as habitual: "I used to have a blue car" wouldn't be well replaced with "I was in the habit of having a blue car," for instance.