Comma position with citation [closed]

This question regards Vancouver referencing, though I suppose the issue could really arise regardless of what is contained in the in-text citation.

Consider the sentence:

As dogs are mammals they give birth to live young.

Clearly this is better separated:

As dogs are mammals, they give birth to live young.

But what if we feel the need to justify the statement that dogs are mammals?

As dogs are mammals [1], they give birth to live young.

Or:

As dogs are mammals, [1] they give birth to live young.

The former makes more sense to me - I intuitively would like the citation to be contained on the same side of the comma as the clause to which it relates.

But I have a feeling the latter is perhaps 'correct', and the comma should not surround the citation, just as it should not surround a parenthetical? (Which I do unashamedly anyway)

Solution 1:

According to page 2 of this Vancouver Style Guide, the citation in brackets should be placed after any commas and periods.