Is there a word for somebody who cares for his/her child too much?
Solution 1:
An entertaining neologism for this is helicopter mom or helicopter dad. (The implication is that the parent is "hovering" over their child at all times.)
Solution 2:
You could call such a parent over-protective. Sometimes such parents are called intrusive or smothering (in the sense that their habit of getting between a child and the real-life ups and downs of experience may stifle a child's emotional growth).
Solution 3:
Overbearing (definition from Merriam-Webster)
: often trying to control the behavior of other people in an annoying or unwanted way
Solution 4:
One classic phrase is a 'doting parent'.