The word or term for inserting the wrong word into conversation

What is the term for incorrectly injecting the wrong word into conversation because of a mental flaw that pulls a word that is alliterative or related? An example that got me searching for the term:

A well trained bicycle mechanic will be able to judge the correct temperature of spokes by ear.

What I meant was tension of course. In this case I was able to recognize that the wrong word was used, leading to a tip-of-the-tongue syndrome thing where I attempted to come up with the correct word.

I guess the word or term I'm looking for is the term that would best describe an unconscious substitution of a word into normal conversation that could fall into the domain of tip-of-the-tongue syndrome, and whatever the related transactional memory defects are that cause it.

Use of a word other than the one intended is broadly a slip of the tongue, though if you want to attribute the substitution to the revelation of an unconscious thought, it can be a case of parapraxis, colloquially known as the Freudian slip (Freud's word was Fehlleistungen).

In the example you've provided, where a word is substituted with a similar-sounding word resulting in nonsense, the slip is a malapropism, although for someone like me for whom detecting tension by ear is no less nonsensical than detecting temperature, it might qualify as an eggcorn. If you were repeating a phrase that you had misheard (as from a song or poem), it would be a mondegreen.

You may be thinking of malapropism.

I'm not sure what you mean by "related transactional memory defects", but there must be a wire crossed somewhere in the brain that causes one to utter a malapropism.