How to deploy SQL Server Compact Edition 4.0?

Solution 1:

i've created the solution.

SQL Server Compact Edition is comprised of 7 dlls:

  • sqlceme40.dll The undocumented, native, flat API library (The .net System.Data.SqlServerCe.dll assembly is a wrapper around this dll)
  • sqlceca40.dll A COM dll that implements Engine, Replication, Error and a few other COM objects
  • sqlceoledb40.dll A COM dll that implements an OLEdb provider for SSCE (allowing the use of ADO)
  • sqlcese40.dll unknown
  • sqlceqp40.dll unknown
  • sqlcecompact40.dll unknown
  • sqlceer40en.dll unknown

The problem with trying to simply ship these dlls is that two of them are COM objects. COM object dll's need to be registered, e.g.:

>regsvr32 sqlceca40.dll
>regsvr32 sqlceoledb40.dll

The problem is that registering a COM object requires administrative privileges (using a global solution to solve a local problem). This means that your users would

  • have to install your application (which you don't want to do)
  • requires your users to have administrative permissions (which you don't want to do)

Fortunately, starting in 2001 with Windows XP, Microsoft solved this COMmon problem: Registration-Free COM.

First, you will declare that your application has a "dependancy" on SQL Server Compact Edition 4.0. You do this by authoring an assembly manifest:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0"> 
    <assemblyIdentity 
        version="1.0.0.0"
        processorArchitecture="X86"
        name="client"
        type="win32"
    /> 

    <description>Hyperion Pro</description> 

    <!-- We have a dependancy on SQL Server CE 4.0 -->
    <dependency>
        <dependentAssembly>
            <assemblyIdentity
                type="win32"
                name="Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.4.0"
                version="4.0.0.0" processorArchitecture="x86"
            />
        </dependentAssembly>
    </dependency>
    <!-- We are high-dpi aware on Windows Vista -->
    <asmv3:application xmlns:asmv3="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
        <asmv3:windowsSettings
            xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2005/WindowsSettings">
            <dpiAware>true</dpiAware>
        </asmv3:windowsSettings>
    </asmv3:application>

    <!-- We were designed and tested on Windows 7 -->
    <compatibility xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:compatibility.v1">
        <application>
            <!--The ID below indicates application support for Windows 7 -->
            <supportedOS Id="{35138b9a-5d96-4fbd-8e2d-a2440225f93a}"/>
            <!--The ID below indicates application support for Windows Vista -->
            <!--supportedOS Id="{e2011457-1546-43c5-a5fe-008deee3d3f0}"/-->
        </application>
    </compatibility>

    <!-- Disable file and registry virtualization -->
    <trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2">
        <security>
            <requestedPrivileges>
                <requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false"/>
            </requestedPrivileges>
        </security>
    </trustInfo>
</assembly>

You can place this file beside your executable (as Hyperion.exe.manifest), or you can build it into your application as an RT_MANIFEST resource.

Notice that we have a dependancy against as assembly called Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.4.0. We create this assembly first by creating a directory called:

Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.4.0

When you deploy your application, you will place all 7 dll's that comprise this "assembly" into this Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.4.0 subfolder, along with a special .manifest file:

📁C:\
╰──📁Users
   ╰──📁Ian
      ╰──📁AppData
         ╰──📁Local
            ╰──📁Hyperion Pro
               ├──📄Hyperion.exe
               ├──📄Hyperion.exe.manifest
               ╰──📁Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.4.0
                  ├──📄sqlceme40.dll
                  ├──📄sqlceca40.dll
                  ├──📄sqlceoledb40.dll
                  ├──📄sqlcese40.dll
                  ├──📄sqlceqp40.dll
                  ├──📄sqlcecompact40.dll
                  ├──📄sqlceer40en.dll
                  ╰──📄Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.4.0.manifest

In other words, the application folder contains your application, and the Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.4.0 folder:

 Directory of C:\Users\Ian\AppData\Local\Hyperion Pro

05/29/2012  09:23 AM         1,899,008 Hyperion.exe
05/28/2012  01:46 PM             1,587 Hyperion.exe.manifest
05/29/2012  09:27 AM    <DIR>          Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.4.0
           2 File(s)      1,900,675 bytes
           1 Dir(s)  20,851,503,104 bytes free

The next part of your task is to define the Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.4.0.manifest file. Registration-free COM allows a manifest file to declare all the COM objects and their clsid's. This took a lot of reverse engineering. But the assembly manifest for SQL Server Compact Edition 4.0 is:

Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.4.0.manifest:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">

<assemblyIdentity 
       type="win32"
       name="Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.4.0"
       processorArchitecture="x86"
       version="4.0.0.0" />

<!-- OLEDB Provider -->
<file name = "sqlceoledb40.dll">
    <comClass
            description = "Microsoft SQL Server Compact OLE DB Provider for Windows"
            clsid="{2006C53A-C915-41EA-BAA9-9EAB3A1FBF97}"
            threadingModel = "Both"
            progid = "Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.OLEDB.4.0" />
</file>

<!-- Native flat engine library -->
<file name="sqlceme40.dll" />

<!-- Engine and Replication COM object -->
<file name="sqlceca40.dll">
    <comClass description="Active SSCE Engine Object"
            clsid="{68D45319-3702-4837-9F8E-DA6845D82482}"
            threadingModel="Both"
            progid="SSCE.Engine.4.0" />
    <comClass description="SSCE Error Object"
            clsid="{36228F21-B5C7-4054-8DC2-47D3E236E8B5}"
            threadingModel="Both"
            progid="SSCE.Error.4.0" />
    <comClass description="SSCE Param Object"
            clsid="{0B3A7B75-A9B0-4580-9AA5-1A7DA47AD1CB}"
            threadingModel="Both"
            progid="SSCE.Param.4.0" />
    <comClass description="Active SSCE Replication Object"
            clsid="{11D5B2D4-26A4-44F5-A48B-0FAC3A919ED8}"
            threadingModel="Both"
            progid="SSCE.Replication.4.0" />
    <comClass description="Active SSCE remote data access Object"
            clsid="{58BC9AD6-BF11-40B3-9AB1-E3F2ED784C08}"
            threadingModel="Both"
            progid="SSCE.RemoteDataAccess.4.0" />

    <typelib tlbid="{CE4AACFA-3CFD-4028-B2D9-F272314F07C8}"
            version="4.0" 
            helpdir=""/>
</file>

<comInterfaceExternalProxyStub 
    name="ISSCEEngine"
    iid="{10EC3E45-0870-4D7B-9A2D-F4F81B6B7FA2}"
    proxyStubClsid32="{00020424-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"
    baseInterface="{00000000-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"
    tlbid = "{CE4AACFA-3CFD-4028-B2D9-F272314F07C8}" />

<comInterfaceExternalProxyStub 
    name="ISSCEError"
    iid="{31155A3B-871D-407F-9F73-DEBFAC7EFBE3}"
    proxyStubClsid32="{00020424-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"
    baseInterface="{00000000-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"
    tlbid = "{CE4AACFA-3CFD-4028-B2D9-F272314F07C8}" />

<comInterfaceExternalProxyStub 
    name="ISSCERDA"
    iid="{4F04F79D-1FF1-4DCD-802B-3D51B9356C14}"
    proxyStubClsid32="{00020424-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"
    baseInterface="{00000000-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"
    tlbid = "{CE4AACFA-3CFD-4028-B2D9-F272314F07C8}" />

<comInterfaceExternalProxyStub 
    name="ISSCEParams"
    iid="{A78AFF90-049C-41EC-B1D8-665968AAC4A6}"
    proxyStubClsid32="{00020424-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"
    baseInterface="{00000000-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"
    tlbid = "{CE4AACFA-3CFD-4028-B2D9-F272314F07C8}" />

<comInterfaceExternalProxyStub 
    name="ISSCEParam"
    iid="{A9876C60-2667-44E5-89DB-E9A46ED392C0}"
    proxyStubClsid32="{00020424-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"
    baseInterface="{00000000-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"
    tlbid = "{CE4AACFA-3CFD-4028-B2D9-F272314F07C8}" />

<comInterfaceExternalProxyStub 
    name="ISSCEErrors"
    iid="{C40143CA-E9F9-4FF4-B8B4-CC02C064FC1B}"
    proxyStubClsid32="{00020424-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"
    baseInterface="{00000000-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"
    tlbid = "{CE4AACFA-3CFD-4028-B2D9-F272314F07C8}" />

<comInterfaceExternalProxyStub 
    name="ISSCEMerge"
    iid="{C6EB397F-D585-428D-A4F4-454A1842CB47}"
    proxyStubClsid32="{00020424-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"
    baseInterface="{00000000-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"
    tlbid = "{CE4AACFA-3CFD-4028-B2D9-F272314F07C8}" />

<file name="sqlceqp40.dll" />
<file name="sqlcese40.dll" />
<file name="sqlcecompact40.dll" />
<file name="sqlceer40EN.dll" />

</assembly>

The a final gotcha is that, in the same way we have a dependancy on an assembly called Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.4.0, SQL Server Compact Edition 4.0 in turn has a dependancy on an assembly called Microsoft.VC90.CRT. Fortunately your install of SQLCE ships with a copy of this assembly:

📁Microsoft.VC90.CRT
├──📄Microsoft.VC90.CRT.manifest 
╰──📄msvcr90.dll

This means the final directory structure is:

📁C:\
╰──📁Users
   ╰──📁Ian
      ╰──📁AppData
         ╰──📁Local
            ╰──📁Hyperion Pro
               ├──📄Hyperion.exe
               ├──📄Hyperion.exe.manifest
               ╰──📁Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.4.0
                  ├──📄Microsoft.SQLSERVER.CE.4.0.manifest
                  ├──📄sqlceme40.dll
                  ├──📄sqlceca40.dll
                  ├──📄sqlceoledb40.dll
                  ├──📄sqlcese40.dll
                  ├──📄sqlceqp40.dll
                  ├──📄sqlcecompact40.dll
                  ├──📄sqlceer40en.dll
                  ╰──📁Microsoft.VC90.CRT
                     ├──📄Microsoft.VC90.CRT.manifest
                     ╰──📄msvcr90.dll
               

Solution 2:

For Sql Server Ce 4.0 SP1:

Instead of tackling all the gritty stuff of deployment, I just opted to include the setup files themselves into my exe as EmbeddedResource and did this little helper:

 public static class RedistHelper
    {
        private static readonly ILog Log = LogManager.GetLogger(
                                              MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod().DeclaringType);

        private static readonly string SqlCeRedistName64 = "SSCERuntime_x64-ENU.exe";
        private static readonly string SqlCeRedistName32 = "SSCERuntime_x86-ENU.exe";
        private static readonly Dictionary<string, Assembly> Assemblies = 
                        new Dictionary<string, Assembly>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);

        private static string SqlCeRedistName
        {
            get 
            {
                return Environment.Is64BitOperatingSystem 
                                       ? SqlCeRedistName64 
                                       : SqlCeRedistName32;
            }
        }

        public static bool IsSqlCeInstalled()
        {
            RegistryKey localKey = RegistryKey.OpenBaseKey(RegistryHive.LocalMachine,
                                                           RegistryView.Registry64);
            RegistryKey ret = localKey.OpenSubKey(
                    @"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server Compact Edition\v4.0\ENU");
            return ret != null;
        }

        private static byte[] ReadFully(Stream input)
        {
            byte[] buffer = new byte[16 * 1024];
            using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
            {
                int read;
                while ((read = input.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0)
                    ms.Write(buffer, 0, read);
                return ms.ToArray();
            }
        }

        public static Assembly OnCurrentDomainOnAssemblyResolve(object sender,
                                                                ResolveEventArgs args)
        {
            Assembly dll;
            var name = new AssemblyName(args.Name).Name + ".dll";
            if (!Assemblies.TryGetValue(name, out dll))
            {
                Assembly res = typeof(RedistHelper).Assembly;
                using (Stream input =
                           res.GetManifestResourceStream(typeof(RedistHelper), name))
                {
                    if (input == null)
                    {
                        Log.WarnFormat("Assembly {0} does not contain {1}", res, name);
                        return null;
                    }
                    dll = Assembly.Load(ReadFully(input));
                    if (dll == null)
                    {
                        Log.WarnFormat("Assembly {0} failed to load.", name);
                        return null;
                    }
                    Log.InfoFormat("Loaded assembly {0}.", name);
                    Assemblies[name] = dll;
                    return dll;
                }
            }
            return dll;
        }

        public static void InstallSqlCe()
        {
            using (Stream stream =
                       typeof(RedistHelper).Assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(
                           typeof(RedistHelper), SqlCeRedistName))
            {
                Debug.Assert(stream != null);
                byte[] bytes = new byte[(int)stream.Length];
                stream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
                string path = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), SqlCeRedistName);

                if (File.Exists(path))
                    File.Delete(path);

                File.WriteAllBytes(path, bytes);

                Process process = new Process
                                  {
                                      StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo
                                                  {
                                                      FileName = path,
                                                      UseShellExecute = true
                                                  }
                                  };
                process.Start();
                process.WaitForExit();
            }
        }
    }

The only thing that really gave me a headache was referencing the System.Data.SqlServerCe.dll - it simply wouldnt IlMerge, so instead I loaded it on demand, in my main:

AppDomain.CurrentDomain.AssemblyResolve += RedistHelper.OnCurrentDomainOnAssemblyResolve;