Migrate Dead Active Directory Domain Controller from Windows Server 2008 R2
Solution 1:
I imagine it's technically possible to copy the AD database files off the non-working DC and seed a new DC with them during the promotion process, but you're definitely going to be fighting an uphill battle.
You'd be better off to call MS Support, assuming that fixing this properly is worth approx $250. Assuming you've done the basics, which you have not described. Have you tried Directory Services Restore Mode?
And start taking backups, and always run two DCs per domain in the future.