Docker container with random date
Solution 1:
Following up on Adrian's comment (which should have been an answer):
According the linuxserver FAQ this is a known issue with docker and ubuntu focal images since March 2020.
It seems it is related to outdated libseccomp (the only dependency from Docker besides kernel itself) which explains why a privileged
container was not affected (syscall filtering disabled).
They list possible resolution steps.
In my case (as OP), I'm using Buster, so installing an up to date libseccomp from buster-backports solved the issue
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 04EE7237B7D453EC 648ACFD622F3D138
echo "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/buster-backports.list
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -t buster-backports libseccomp2