What article should be used in the following sentence?

He was English by [a/the/] blood.

I feel there should be a zero article here, but I was taught that the zero article is impossible in English.


Solution 1:

He was English by blood is correct.

It isn't true that the zero article is impossible in English. It all depends on the sentence.

Solution 2:

No article is required here because it's a fixed expression indicating family relationship by birth rather than marriage. Example: They are related by blood. My explanation is based on CALD3.