How can I call a custom Django manage.py command directly from a test driver?

I want to write a unit test for a Django manage.py command that does a backend operation on a database table. How would I invoke the management command directly from code?

I don't want to execute the command on the Operating System's shell from tests.py because I can't use the test environment set up using manage.py test (test database, test dummy email outbox, etc...)

Solution 1:

The best way to test such things - extract needed functionality from command itself to standalone function or class. It helps to abstract from "command execution stuff" and write test without additional requirements.

But if you by some reason cannot decouple logic form command you can call it from any code using call_command method like this:

from django.core.management import call_command

call_command('my_command', 'foo', bar='baz')

Solution 2:

Rather than do the call_command trick, you can run your task by doing:

from myapp.management.commands import my_management_task
cmd = my_management_task.Command()
opts = {} # kwargs for your command -- lets you override stuff for testing...
cmd.handle_noargs(**opts)

Solution 3:

the following code:

from django.core.management import call_command
call_command('collectstatic', verbosity=3, interactive=False)
call_command('migrate', 'myapp', verbosity=3, interactive=False)

...is equal to the following commands typed in terminal:

$ ./manage.py collectstatic --noinput -v 3
$ ./manage.py migrate myapp --noinput -v 3

See running management commands from django docs.

Solution 4:

The Django documentation on the call_command fails to mention that out must be redirected to sys.stdout. The example code should read:

from django.core.management import call_command
from django.test import TestCase
from django.utils.six import StringIO
import sys

class ClosepollTest(TestCase):
    def test_command_output(self):
        out = StringIO()
        sys.stdout = out
        call_command('closepoll', stdout=out)
        self.assertIn('Expected output', out.getvalue())