Solution 1:

 iCloud

What it does do

  • synchronize (only over iTunes bought!) music if specified
  • synchronize pictures (photo stream)
  • keeping track of your device-location
  • backups of your device

What it doesn't do

  • synchronizing application data UNLESS specifically implemented by the app

  • keeping applications in-sync — this is due to different device classes have different preferred applications. For instance, you usually use different apps on an iPad as you would on an iPhone

Solution 2:

There isn't one solution for the three sorts of information you seek to sync.

iCloud is designed to wirelessly sync the following classes of information:

  • Mail
  • Contacts
  • Calendars
  • Reminders
  • Safari Bookmarks
  • Notes
  • Passbook data
  • Photostream
  • Documents & Data (only the things stored in iCloud)

Music isn't something that is synced remotely. It is synced each and every time the iOS device is on the same Wi-Fi as the computer and you could purchase iTunes Match to have all your music purchases stored in the cloud. This also syncs ratings, artwork, playlists and play counts - but it's an additional yearly subscription. Most people I know are fine syncing Music locally, but you have that option with Apple today in some countries.