I think you mean this image by Mumford.

spec Z[x] by Mumford


You are thinking of the picture of Spec($Z[X]$) in Mumford's Red Book of Varieties and Schemes. A reproduction is downloadable at the link posted in the other answer, and other (less famous) pictures of prime spectra appear in the Eisenbud and Harris introductory book on schemes.


Be sure not to miss this very interesting paper (in English) on "Mumford's treasure map" and related concepts: Lieven Le Bruyn: Un dessins d'enfants