Solution 1:

You need to download the UFR II/UFRII LT Printer Driver for Linux V3.31 provided by Canon.

You can download it at https://www.usa.canon.com/internet/portal/us/home/support/details/printers/black-and-white-laser/mf3010/imageclass-mf3010?tab=drivers_downloads (thank you Xaqron)

Connect your printer with your computer, download the linux-UFRII-drv-v331-uken.tar.gz, extract it, go in the folder with the terminal and type

$ sudo ./install.sh

and confirm with y

enter image description here

After the installation go to System Settings->Printers->Add->Canon MF3010

You can now use your printer!