"fatal error: Python.h: No Such File or Directory" when compiling python file to a c executable file?

You should install the development package of Python which contains header files and the library of Python.

sudo apt-get install python3-dev

Sources:

  • http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/debian-ubuntu-linux-python-h-file-not-found-error-solution/
  • http://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/python3-dev