Do the symbols at the bottom of the loading screens mean anything?

I don't think there is anything to decipher from it, and this interview of Jen Zee and Greg Kasavin tends to confirm it:

What we ended up doing as sort of a compromise was to assign meaning to the uses of the alphabet where it appeared in the game. There are a number of games with their own made-up alphabets whose character sets all conveniently map to the 27-letter English alphabet and whose words coincidentally map to English words. We didn’t want to use the Caelondian alphabet as some kind of a code, so we settled for it having no direct English analog.

If you want to give it a try anyway, it seems to be always the same sequence (or sub-parts of it) repeated, and horizontally flipped for the bottom line.

(larger pic)

Check it out: I just flipped the second line horizontally and shifted it on the left. Two sequences appear, and sequence B contains a sub-sequence of sequence A (sequence C).

I also added a list of what I think are the different glyphs that can be found in the sequences, if that can help to decipher.