Is there a way to select a file in Windows and get its file path with one shortcut? [duplicate]

It's built in to Windows...

Shift + Right-Click the file -> Copy As Path

More Info: Get the Full Path of a Folder or File in Windows 7

Additionally here's a page that explains how to add custom entries to show on the non-Shifted context menu:

Copy File Path And Name Using Windows Explorer Context Menu Extensions

Yes. If you're using Windows' built-in explorer (not Internet Explorer), you can hold down the SHIFT key and press right click on the item (which can be a file or folder). Then the only thing you need to do is select the "Copy as path" option. Now the path of the item will be placed in your clipboard and you can use it by pasting it anywhere.

I use Path Copy Copy for that which supports various paths including UNC, Internet style, Unix, Cygwin and so on. Its context menu is fully configurable so you can leave your favourites there. "Long Path" and "UNC Path" are my favourites.