Extracting a factor from an Excel table by searching an input range

Solution 1:

You could try:

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Formula in M2:

=MAX(FILTER(B2:J2,--SUBSTITUTE(LEFT(B1:J1,FIND("-",B1:J1&"-")-1),">","")<=M1))

Just for the sake of it, a little personal (unnecessary) exercise, this could be done with FILTERXML():

=FILTERXML("<x>"&TEXTJOIN("</s></t>",,"<t>"&B2:J2&"<s>"&B1:J1&"-")&"</s></t></x>","//t[substring-before(translate(.//*,'>',''), '-')<="&M1&"][last()]")