What's the best way to get TFS to output each project to its own directory?

I'm putting a large codebase into Team Foundation Server. I would like the build process to create a "ready to deploy" build of our projects.

The normal way we've been doing this is to have each project's output be in its own folder. So, for example, we wind up with something like

C:\project1\
            assembly1.dll
            assembly2.dll
            project1.exe
            project1.exe.config
C:\project2\
            assembly2.dll
            assembly3.dll
            project2.exe
            project2.exe.config
C:\project3\
            assembly1.dll
            assembly3.dll
            project3.exe
            project3.exe.config

Which is the way we like it.

TFS, though, seems to want to stick everything in the same directory.

C:\output\
          assembly1.dll
          assembly2.dll
          assembly3.dll
          project1.exe
          project1.exe.config
          project2.exe
          project2.exe.config
          project3.exe
          project3.exe.config

which, although it saves some amount of disk space (the assemblies are only there one time each) is not how we want it.

What's the best way to specify where TFS/MSBuild should put the output files? Do I need to edit sln/csproj files individually to achieve this or can I do it in the TFSBuild.proj file? (i.e., in a MSBuild-specific file)

I just blogged another method here:

http://mikehadlow.blogspot.com/2009/06/tfs-build-publishedwebsites-for-exe-and.html but if you can't be bothered to follow the link, here it is in full:

It’s generally good practice to collect all the code under your team’s control in a single uber-solution as described in this Patterns and Practices PDF, Team Development with TFS Guide. If you then configure the TFS build server to build this solution, it’s default behaviour is to place the build output into a single folder, ‘Release’.

Any web application projects in your solution will also be output to a folder called _PublishedWebsites\. This is very nice because it means that you can simply robocopy deploy the web application.

Unfortunately there’s no similar default behaviour for other project types such as WinForms, console or library. It would be very nice if we could have a _PublishedApplications\ sub folder with the output of any selected project(s). Fortunately it’s not that hard to do.

The way _PublishedWebsites works is pretty simple. If you look at the project file of your web application you’ll notice an import near the bottom:

<Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v9.0\WebApplications\Microsoft.WebApplication.targets" />

On my machine the MSBuildExtensionsPath property evaluates to C:\Program Files\MSBuild, if we open the Microsoft.WebApplication.targets file we can see that it’s a pretty simple MSBuild file that recognises when the build is not a desktop build, i.e. it’s a TFS build, and copies the output to:

$(OutDir)_PublishedWebsites\$(MSBuildProjectName)

I simply copied the Micrsoft.WebApplication.targets file, put it under source control with a relative path from my project files and changed _PublishedWebsites to _PublishedApplications and renamed the file CI.exe.targets. For each project that I want to output to _PublishedApplications, I simply added this import at the bottom of the project file:

<Import Project="<your relative path>\CI.exe.targets" />

You can edit CI.exe.targets (or whatever you want to call it) to do your bidding. In my case, the only change so far is to add a couple of lines to copy the App.config file:

<Copy SourceFiles="$(OutDir)$(TargetFileName).config" DestinationFolder="$(WebProjectOutputDir)\bin" SkipUnchangedFiles="true" />

There’s a lot of stuff in Microsoft.WebApplication.targets that’s only relevant to web applications and can be stripped out for other project types, but I’ll leave that as an exercise for the reader.

TFS 2012+

I like this solution...

Edit your build definition. Under Process section, set MSBuild arguments to

/p:GenerateProjectSpecificOutputFolder=true

Like this:

By default each project file (*.csproj, *.vbproj, etc.) specifies a default output directory (which is usually bin\Debug, bin\Release, etc.). Team Build actually overrides this so that you're not at the whim of what properties the developer sets in the project file but also so that Team Build can make assumptions about where the outputs are located.

The easiest way to override this behaviour is to set CustomizableOutDir to true in the SolutionToBuild item group as shown here:

<ItemGroup>
  <SolutionToBuild Include="$(BuildProjectFolderPath)\path\MySolution.sln" />
    <Properties>CustomizableOutDir=true</Properties>
  </SolutionToBuild>
</ItemGroup>

This will make the drop folder structure roughly match what you would get locally if you built the solution.

This method is definitely preferable to overriding the Core* targets which can cause upgrade issues.