Can an adjective follow dynamic verbs ("leave", "declare")?
It depends on the verb. The list you have is incomplete: both leave and declare take adjectives only when they are transitive or in the passive voice. These are called object complements; the list you have gives verbs that take subject complements. I don't know of a list that gives verbs which take object complements.
Why didn't these verbs go on the list you have? Maybe the compiler of the list didn't want to make it too complicated.
Only transitive verbs can be made passive, so these two cases go together.
The grammar gets complicated here. The verb paint can take an object complement, but only if it's a color.
He painted the barn red.
*He painted the barn polka-dotted.
He painted the barn with polka dots.
Alas, English grammar is not a matter of word following word, but rather of constructions. There can be no good answer for your question, as posed.
The verbs you cite have many different properties:
- be is unique.
- become means 'come to be', so it works pretty much like be
- get also means 'come to be', as well as 'come to have'
- seem and appear (which is synonymous with seem) take infinitive complements
- feel, look, taste, smell, and sound are sense verbs, which have unique syntax.
When an adjective follows be, get, or become, it is a simple predicate adjective.
- He is/became/got tired.
When an adjective follows seem or appear, it is the result of To-Be-Deletion, e.g:
- He seems/appears (to be) tired.
And the sense verbs have their own grammar. Hearing, for instance, uses three different verbs for three different kinds of meaning:
- hear, which requires an animate subject and an object denoting a sound
- listen, which is the same as hear, except that it is volitional
- sound, which requires a sound as subject and a description of it following the verb.
Of course, hearing is the only sense with three different verbs; vision has two: see and look, and all the others use the same verb:
- I saw/heard/smelled/tasted/felt it (accidentally)
- I looked at/listened to/smelled/tasted/felt it (on purpose)
- It looks/sounds/smells/tastes/feels good (to me)
In case (3), the description can be an adjective, so that Dinner smells good actually means "What I can smell of dinner indicates to me that it is good".