JavaScript Calculate brighter colour
I have a colour value in JS as a string
#ff0000
How would I go about programatically calculating a brighter/lighter version of this colour, for example #ff4848, and be able to calculate the brightness via a percentage, e.g.
increase_brightness('#ff0000', 50); // would make it 50% brighter
function increase_brightness(hex, percent){
// strip the leading # if it's there
hex = hex.replace(/^\s*#|\s*$/g, '');
// convert 3 char codes --> 6, e.g. `E0F` --> `EE00FF`
if(hex.length == 3){
hex = hex.replace(/(.)/g, '$1$1');
}
var r = parseInt(hex.substr(0, 2), 16),
g = parseInt(hex.substr(2, 2), 16),
b = parseInt(hex.substr(4, 2), 16);
return '#' +
((0|(1<<8) + r + (256 - r) * percent / 100).toString(16)).substr(1) +
((0|(1<<8) + g + (256 - g) * percent / 100).toString(16)).substr(1) +
((0|(1<<8) + b + (256 - b) * percent / 100).toString(16)).substr(1);
}
/**
* ('#000000', 50) --> #808080
* ('#EEEEEE', 25) --> #F2F2F2
* ('EEE , 25) --> #F2F2F2
**/
Update
@zyklus's answer is simpler and has the same effect. Please refer to this answer only if you are interested in converting between RGB and HSL.
To set the brightness of RGB:
Convert RGB to HSL
Set the brightness of HSL
Convert back from HSL to RGB
This link used to have code to convert RGB to HSL and reverse: http://mjijackson.com/2008/02/rgb-to-hsl-and-rgb-to-hsv-color-model-conversion-algorithms-in-javascript
/**
* Converts an RGB color value to HSL. Conversion formula
* adapted from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSL_color_space.
* Assumes r, g, and b are contained in the set [0, 255] and
* returns h, s, and l in the set [0, 1].
*
* @param Number r The red color value
* @param Number g The green color value
* @param Number b The blue color value
* @return Array The HSL representation
*/
function rgbToHsl(r, g, b){
r /= 255, g /= 255, b /= 255;
var max = Math.max(r, g, b), min = Math.min(r, g, b);
var h, s, l = (max + min) / 2;
if(max == min){
h = s = 0; // achromatic
}else{
var d = max - min;
s = l > 0.5 ? d / (2 - max - min) : d / (max + min);
switch(max){
case r: h = (g - b) / d + (g < b ? 6 : 0); break;
case g: h = (b - r) / d + 2; break;
case b: h = (r - g) / d + 4; break;
}
h /= 6;
}
return [h, s, l];
}
/**
* Converts an HSL color value to RGB. Conversion formula
* adapted from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSL_color_space.
* Assumes h, s, and l are contained in the set [0, 1] and
* returns r, g, and b in the set [0, 255].
*
* @param Number h The hue
* @param Number s The saturation
* @param Number l The lightness
* @return Array The RGB representation
*/
function hslToRgb(h, s, l){
var r, g, b;
if(s == 0){
r = g = b = l; // achromatic
}else{
function hue2rgb(p, q, t){
if(t < 0) t += 1;
if(t > 1) t -= 1;
if(t < 1/6) return p + (q - p) * 6 * t;
if(t < 1/2) return q;
if(t < 2/3) return p + (q - p) * (2/3 - t) * 6;
return p;
}
var q = l < 0.5 ? l * (1 + s) : l + s - l * s;
var p = 2 * l - q;
r = hue2rgb(p, q, h + 1/3);
g = hue2rgb(p, q, h);
b = hue2rgb(p, q, h - 1/3);
}
return [r * 255, g * 255, b * 255];
}
I made some example with it. Check this link: http://jsfiddle.net/sangdol/euSLy/4/
And this is the increase_brightness() function:
function increase_brightness(rgbcode, percent) {
var r = parseInt(rgbcode.slice(1, 3), 16),
g = parseInt(rgbcode.slice(3, 5), 16),
b = parseInt(rgbcode.slice(5, 7), 16),
HSL = rgbToHsl(r, g, b),
newBrightness = HSL[2] + HSL[2] * (percent / 100),
RGB;
RGB = hslToRgb(HSL[0], HSL[1], newBrightness);
rgbcode = '#'
+ convertToTwoDigitHexCodeFromDecimal(RGB[0])
+ convertToTwoDigitHexCodeFromDecimal(RGB[1])
+ convertToTwoDigitHexCodeFromDecimal(RGB[2]);
return rgbcode;
}
function convertToTwoDigitHexCodeFromDecimal(decimal){
var code = Math.round(decimal).toString(16);
(code.length > 1) || (code = '0' + code);
return code;
}
You can pass a negative value as a percent argument to make it darken.
In case anyone needs it, I converted the color brightness JavaScript code to ASP / VBScript for a project and thought I would share it with you:
'::Color Brightness (0-100)
'ex. ColorBrightness("#FF0000",25) 'Darker
'ex. ColorBrightness("#FF0000",50) 'Mid
'ex. ColorBrightness("#FF0000",75) 'Lighter
Function ColorBrightness(strRGB,intBrite)
strRGB = Replace(strRGB,"#","")
r = CInt("&h" & Mid(strRGB,1,2))
g = CInt("&h" & Mid(strRGB,3,2))
b = CInt("&h" & Mid(strRGB,5,2))
arrHSL = RGBtoHSL(r, g, b)
dblOrigBrite = CDbl(arrHSL(2) * 100)
arrRGB = HSLtoRGB(arrHSL(0), arrHSL(1), intBrite/100)
newRGB = "#" & HEXtoDEC(arrRGB(0)) & HEXtoDEC(arrRGB(1)) & HEXtoDEC(arrRGB(2))
ColorBrightness = newRGB
End Function
'::RGB to HSL Function
Function RGBtoHSL(r,g,b)
r = CDbl(r/255)
g = CDbl(g/255)
b = CDbl(b/255)
max = CDbl(MaxCalc(r & "," & g & "," & b))
min = CDbl(MinCalc(r & "," & g & "," & b))
h = CDbl((max + min) / 2)
s = CDbl((max + min) / 2)
l = CDbl((max + min) / 2)
If max = min Then
h = 0
s = 0
Else
d = max - min
s = IIf(l > 0.5, d / (2 - max - min), d / (max + min))
Select Case CStr(max)
Case CStr(r)
h = (g - b) / d + (IIf(g < b, 6, 0))
Case CStr(g)
h = (b - r) / d + 2
Case CStr(b)
h = (r - g) / d + 4
End Select
h = h / 6
End If
RGBtoHSL = Split(h & "," & s & "," & l, ",")
End Function
'::HSL to RGB Function
Function HSLtoRGB(h,s,l)
If s = 0 Then
r = l
g = l
b = l
Else
q = IIf(l < 0.5, l * (1 + s), l + s - l * s)
p = 2 * l - q
r = HUEtoRGB(p, q, h + 1/3)
g = HUEtoRGB(p, q, h)
b = HUEtoRGB(p, q, h - 1/3)
End If
HSLtoRGB = Split(r * 255 & "," & g * 255 & "," & b * 255, ",")
End Function
'::Hue to RGB Function
Function HUEtoRGB(p,q,t)
If CDbl(t) < 0 Then t = t + 1
If CDbl(t) > 1 Then t = t - 1
If CDbl(t) < (1/6) Then
HUEtoRGB = p + (q - p) * 6 * t
Exit Function
End If
If CDbl(t) < (1/2) Then
HUEtoRGB = q
Exit Function
End If
If CDbl(t) < (2/3) Then
HUEtoRGB = p + (q - p) * (2/3 - t) * 6
Exit Function
End If
HUEtoRGB = p
End Function
'::Hex to Decimal Function
Function HEXtoDEC(d)
h = Hex(Round(d,0))
h = Right(String(2,"0") & h,2)
HEXtoDEC = h
End Function
'::Max Function
Function MaxCalc(valList)
valList = Split(valList,",")
b = 0
For v = 0 To UBound(valList)
a = valList(v)
If CDbl(a) > CDbl(b) Then b = a
Next
MaxCalc = b
End Function
'::Min Function
Function MinCalc(valList)
valList = Split(valList,",")
For v = 0 To UBound(valList)
a = valList(v)
If b = "" Then b = a
If CDbl(a) < CDbl(b) AND b <> "" Then b = a
Next
MinCalc = b
End Function
'::IIf Emulation Function
Function IIf(condition,conTrue,conFalse)
If (condition) Then
IIf = conTrue
Else
IIf = conFalse
End If
End Function
That way you won't need any conversion of the source color.
check out this fiddle : https://jsfiddle.net/4c47otou/
increase_brightness = function(color,percent){
var ctx = document.createElement('canvas').getContext('2d');
ctx.fillStyle = color;
ctx.fillRect(0,0,1,1);
var color = ctx.getImageData(0,0,1,1);
var r = color.data[0] + Math.floor( percent / 100 * 255 );
var g = color.data[1] + Math.floor( percent / 100 * 255 );
var b = color.data[2] + Math.floor( percent / 100 * 255 );
return 'rgb('+r+','+g+','+b+')';
}
Example usage :
increase_brightness('#0000ff',20);
increase_brightness('khaki',20);
increase_brightness('rgb(12, 7, 54)',20);