Atleast one invalid signature was encountered

I am trying to build and deploy microservices images to a single-node Kubernetes cluster running on my development machine using minikube. I am using the cloud-native microservices demo application Online Boutique by Google to understand the use of technologies like Kubernetes, Istio etc.

Link to github repo: microservices-demo

While following the installation process, and on running command skaffold run to build and deploy my application, I get some errors:

Step 10/11 : RUN apt-get -qq update     && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends         curl
 ---> Running in 43d61232617c
W: GPG error: http://deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease: At least one invalid signature was encountered.
E: The repository 'http://deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease' is not signed.
W: GPG error: http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates InRelease: At least one invalid signature was encountered.
E: The repository 'http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates InRelease' is not signed.
W: GPG error: http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates InRelease: At least one invalid signature was encountered.
E: The repository 'http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates InRelease' is not signed.
failed to build: couldn't build "loadgenerator": unable to stream build output: The command '/bin/sh -c apt-get -qq update     && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends         curl' returned a non-zero code: 100

I receive these errors when trying to build loadgenerator. How can I resolve this issue?

There are a few reasons why you encounter these errors:

1. There might be an issue with the existing cache and/or disc space. In order to fix it you need to clear the APT cache by executing: sudo apt-get clean and sudo apt-get update.

2. The same goes with existing docker images. Execute: docker image prune -f and docker container prune -f in order to remove unused data and free disc space.

3. If you don't care about the security risks, you can try to run the apt-get command with the --allow-unauthenticated or --allow-insecure-repositories flag. According to the docs:

Ignore if packages can't be authenticated and don't prompt about it. This can be useful while working with local repositories, but is a huge security risk if data authenticity isn't ensured in another way by the user itself.

Please let me know if that helped.

I had this same issue and none of the previous responses saying to prune images or containers worked. The reason was that my Docker Build Cache was taking up the bulk of the space. Running the below command fixed the issue:

docker system prune

You can then check to see if it worked by running:

docker system df

UPDATE:

The above command will clear the whole Docker system. If you want to clear only the build cache, you can do it with the below command (credit to saraf.gahl):

docker builder prune

The reason I usually see this is because docker has run out of disk space, which is frustrating because the error gives little indication that this is the problem. First try cleaning up images and containers you don't need using the prune command https://docs.docker.com/config/pruning/.

$ docker image prune 
$ docker container prune 

If you have a lot of images accumulated and want to remove all of them that aren't associated with an existing container try:

$ docker image prune -a 

Or you can remove only older images:

$ docker image prune -a --filter "until=24h"

Finally, on MacOS, where Docker runs inside a dedicated VM, you may need to increase the disk available to Docker from the Docker Desktop application (Settings -> Resources -> Advanced -> Disk image size).