How to replace a USB wireless mouse receiver in this case?

There are no universal RF wireless mouse/keyboard receivers, and a given company's RF wireless/mouse keyboard receiver will not work with another's.

You should get a small USB extender cable, and a length of velcro tape. Cut the velcro tape to fit on the back of the dongle, and find a good spot on the back of laptop lid to put the other half of the tape. This will prevent you from smashing it by accidentally scraping it against a surface.

It won't look too pretty but it'll prevent your dongle from getting broken.