Most efficient way of launching and separating a program from the terminal? [duplicate]

See man nohup:

NAME
   nohup - run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty

Answer:

nohup program-name &

I think this would be the most complete way:

program-name </dev/null &>/dev/null &
disown %%

Disowning the backgrounded process means the shell won't track it anymore. It won't tell you when it's done. It won't prevent you from closing your shell. %% means "the most recently backgrounded job".

If you want to hide all the details, put a function like this in your .bashrc

launch_and_forget () { "$@" </dev/null &>/dev/null & disown %%; }

Then

launch_and_forget program args "args args" ...

Give a name that's meaningful for you.

You can very simply use setsid:-

NAME
       setsid - run a program in a new session

SYNOPSIS
       setsid program [arg...]

DESCRIPTION
       setsid runs a program in a new session.

Try the following command:-

setsid <command>

Example:- setsid gedit, setsid nautilus ~/Downloads/ etc.