How to activate/deactivate a gnome-shell extension from command line

It is well described in the Gnome wiki, quoting:

You can do this with the GSettings key, org.gnome.shell.enabled-extensions, or several tools that manipulate this GSettings key, such as GNOME Tweak Tool or a recent version of gnome-shell-extension-tool.

If you invoke gnome-shell-extension-tool --help, you will see that it is capable of enabling and disabling extensions by their name. For example, the following command enables user themes:

gnome-shell-extension-tool -e user-theme

Oh, and you can get the names of all your locally installed extensions by doing ls ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions. It will give you entries of the form the-name@author.

You can see a list of extensions installed with the following command

gnome-extensions list

From the list you can enable/disable any extension like this:

gnome-extensions enable [email protected]
gnome-extensions disable [email protected]

Notice the full extension name is needed.