"Deployed to" vs "deployed on"

Which one of the following statements is correct:

1. I deployed something to the test server.
2. I deployed something on the test server.

I would say it depends where you are deploying. Deploying "to" the test server implies a remote operation - HTTP / ssh / ftp, amongst others. Deploying "on" the test server implies that you are at the console/GUI of the server, whether it be physically (touching the keyboard and mouse) or virtually (VNC or similar application that acts on the server itself).

Your examples require articles:

I deployed something to the test server.
I deployed something on the test server.

Otherwise, these two are exactly equivalent.