What is the equivalent of blue screen of death in linux?

Solution 1:

Its called a kernel panic. Linux usually doesn't get kernel panic because it is very good at handling hardware (What led you to ask this question). In some cases Linux might get kernel panics if you have malfunctioning hardware. In such cases your system will cease to work, producing an error similar to below:

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Solution 2:

Sometimes you even got a stack trace like this example back in 2012 when I simply unplug my phone and got this crash:

kernel panick with stack trace