GCC missing from Solaris 11, and server already deployed (no access to internet)

/usr/sfw/bin is the bundled gcc path with Solaris 10. On Solaris 11.1, gcc is, when installed, directly available in /usr/bin as a symlink that points to /usr/gcc/<version>/bin/gcc.

There is now an on disk data format for ips packages (.p5p files) but I would suggest to download the whole repository (look for Oracle Solaris 11.1 repository image in the Solaris 11.1 download page) and create your own ips service. See this blog for details. That would allow to install whatever package gcc is dependent on and possibly other packages you might be still missing for your task.