Will Windows fail activation on a new hard drive after previous hard drive failed

Solution 1:

Probably not.

Microsoft allow a certain number of reactivations of both Windows and Office (for example) to cover situations like this.

The only time you might get into trouble is if you try to activate within a short time of your previous activation. This might indicate that you are trying to activate Windows on more than one machine at time.

Even if you do have a problem you can ring up Microsoft and explain the situation.

Solution 2:

No. It won't. You can activate windows 5 times without any problem. After that, you have to call microsoft for phone activation.(but you can still activate it.)