ConstraintLayout: change constraints programmatically

Solution 1:

1. To set constraints of image view to:

    app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="@+id/check_answer1"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/check_answer1"
   

   use:

    ConstraintLayout constraintLayout = findViewById(R.id.parent_layout);
    ConstraintSet constraintSet = new ConstraintSet();
    constraintSet.clone(constraintLayout);
    constraintSet.connect(R.id.imageView,ConstraintSet.RIGHT,R.id.check_answer1,ConstraintSet.RIGHT,0);
    constraintSet.connect(R.id.imageView,ConstraintSet.TOP,R.id.check_answer1,ConstraintSet.TOP,0);
    constraintSet.applyTo(constraintLayout);
   

2. To set constraints of image view to:

    app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="@+id/check_answer2"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/check_answer2"
   

   use:

    ConstraintLayout constraintLayout = findViewById(R.id.parent_layout);
    ConstraintSet constraintSet = new ConstraintSet();
    constraintSet.clone(constraintLayout); 
    constraintSet.connect(R.id.imageView,ConstraintSet.RIGHT,R.id.check_answer2,ConstraintSet.RIGHT,0);      
    constraintSet.connect(R.id.imageView,ConstraintSet.TOP,R.id.check_answer2,ConstraintSet.TOP,0);
    constraintSet.applyTo(constraintLayout);
   

Solution 2:

Assume we want to change constraints during runtime, making button1 to be aligned with button2 when clicked:

Then, having this layout:

<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:id="@+id/root"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin">


    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Button 1"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/button3"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/button3"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_marginStart="0dp"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginEnd="0dp" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginLeft="16dp"
        android:text="Button 2"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.5" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button3"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginLeft="16dp"
        android:text="Button 3"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.223" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

We can do following:

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        button1.setOnClickListener {
            val params = button1.layoutParams as ConstraintLayout.LayoutParams
            params.leftToRight = button2.id
            params.topToTop = button2.id
            params.bottomToBottom = button2.id
            button1.requestLayout()
        }
    }

Solution 3:

Another approach is to update the layout params of view like this (without requesting Layout):

yourView.updateLayoutParams<ConstraintLayout.LayoutParams> {
        startToEnd = otherView.id
        topToTop = otherView.id
        bottomToBottom = otherView.id
        //add other constraints if needed
      }

Solution 4:

In addition to azizbekian's answer, let me point out two things:

1. If left/right didn't work, try start/end like this:

params.startToEnd = button2.id

2. If you want to remove a constraint, use UNSET flag like this:

params.startToEnd = ConstraintLayout.LayoutParams.UNSET