"Talking to" or "talking with"

Solution 1:

Talk with theoretically implies a dialogue, talk to implies a monologue.

I talked with my family and we've decided to buy a new car.

-> We had a conversation about whether we need a car.

I found out my son is smoking, so I talked to him. I hope my words will change the way he thinks.

-> I was talking to him and he listened to what I said.

Talk to can result in a dialogue, of course, but marks the initial intention of a serious monologue, like:

I'm going to talk to my boss today and ask for a raise.

-> I will go to his office, give a serious speech and hopefully it will result in a rational dialogue.

We're having a party tonight and my boss will be there, so I'm sure I'll talk with him a lot.

-> We will have a casual conversation, but nothing too serious I'd like to give a speech about.

Another example would be:

My conscience talks to me.

-> Because it usually tells you what to do. You never have a conversation with it, therefore you never hear this:

My conscience talks with me.