C*-algebras and unitary elements. [closed]

Those equalities have nothing to do with normality.

In any case, the equality $u^*=u^{-1}$ implies that $u$ is normal, as any element commutes with its inverse by definition.

Note first that since $u$ is invertible we may assume $\lambda\ne0$.

The equality $$ (u-\lambda) ^{-1}=-u^{-1}\lambda^{-1}\,(u^{-1}-\lambda^{-1})$$ shows that $$\sigma(u^{-1}) =\{\lambda^{-1}:\ \lambda\in\sigma (u) \}. $$ Similarly, the equality $$(u^*-\overline\lambda) ^{-1}=[(u-\lambda)^{-1}]^*$$ implies $$\sigma(u^{*}) =\{\overline\lambda:\ \lambda\in\sigma (u) \}. $$