Difference between "Redirect permanent" vs. mod_rewrite RewriteRule

Solution 1:

By default mod_rewrite does "302 Found" redirects, which are temporary. Assuming everything else is equal, Redirect permanent is equivalent to RewriteRule <blah> [R=permanent].

Solution 2:

Is one better then the other?

Apache now recommends the use of Redirect from mod_alias instead of using RewriteRule from mod_rewrite. See https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/rewrite/avoid.html#redirect , which says:

mod_rewrite should be considered a last resort, when other alternatives are found wanting. Using it when there are simpler alternatives leads to configurations which are confusing, fragile, and hard to maintain.