Samsung Portable SSD T7 Not Recognized in Big Sur

The root issue appears to be that none of the suggested solutions actually does a full removal of the Samsung Portable SSD software. Therefore, when you try to reinstall the software, macOS doesn't prompt you to approve the security exception for the software in System Preferences -> Security & Privacy. In turn, the reinstalled software doesn't work / doesn't have the correct permissions to access the SSD.

Here is the sequence of steps I finally came up with that fully removes all traces of the PSSD software and got me back to a working state. YMMV and you might not have to run all these steps.

1. cd /Users/<your username>/Library/Application\ Support/Portable_SSD/
2. osascript CleanupT7PlusAll.scpt
3. sudo rm -rf /private/var/db/KernelExtensionManagement/AuxKC/CurrentAuxKCA/StashedExtensions/17A3D6DA-575D-40F2-B1EC-59FD1CB31623 (I checked what was in each of the StashedExtensions subfolders and found the one that had Samsung Portable SSD stuff)
4. sudo rm -rf /Library/Application\ Support/PSSD_Installation
5. sudo rm -rf /Library//StagedExtensions/Library/Extensions/SamsungPortableSSDDriver.kext
6. Reboot
7. Install the "normal" Portable SSD software from the Samsung website. Their website also advertises a special version of the software specifically for Big Sur users, but I did not find this was necessary to use.
8. Approve the security prompt in System Preferences before allowing the Samsung software installer to reboot your computer -- otherwise you will have to repeat this process
9. Reboot -- afterwards the SSD should be recognized again and all should be well!

Note that there was no reinstalling of the OS, no changing permissions or disabling SEP in Recovery Mode (crsutil, spctl, etc.); I tried those solutions, but I ended up resetting all those back to defaults before running the above steps since they didn't help.