Unchecking "Restore windows when quitting and re-opening apps" doesn't work

Unchecking "Restore windows when quitting and re-opening apps" under System Preferences -> General doesn't work - for example, when I re-open an app (e.g. Preview) it restores a window (call it 'PDF 1') I had open before quitting that app. (At least when I quit it by logging out, even with 'Reopen windows when logging back in' unchecked.) Any pointers?

I've found people describing similar problems, around the web and on StackExchange (in answers/comments, but not dedicated questions). But no answers that work for me. I've tried the solutions suggested at Disable resume for all apps in Daniel's answer (after which ~/Library/Saved Application State/ has stayed empty) and joelseph's comment on his answer.

The following Terminal command (found it here) will disable Resume for applications that ignore the "Restore windows when quitting and re-opening apps" settings (for Preview in this example):

defaults write com.apple.Preview ApplePersistenceIgnoreState -bool yes

Swap 'Preview' in the above command with 'TextEdit', 'Safari', 'Xcode' etc.

Also, check out this Terminal command that not only disables Resume, but also Auto Save and Versions.

It's a bug. According to the release notes, it was fixed by 10.7.4 which came out a few days ago:

The OS X Lion v10.7.4 Update includes fixes that:

• Resolve an issue in which the "Reopen windows when logging back in" setting is always enabled.

I think it's more or less the intended behavior. Even if Resume was disabled

and reopening windows was unchecked

the state of applications is still restored after you log out and back in and open them manually (or they are opened as login items). The checkbox should be called something like "Reopen applications when logging back in" instead.

The behavior changed on Mountain Lion. It no longer keeps the state of applications if both types of resume are disabled: