Where is the Apache configuration located on Linux Mint?

On Debian-based systems (which Mint is), the Apache configuration takes a different approach. Every "site" has its own configuration in /etc/apache2/sites-available.
The default configuration is named default. So, try:

gedit /etc/apache2/sites-available/default

Don't forget to reload or restart Apache afterwards:

sudo invoke-rc.d apache2 restart

As a sidenote, you can create additional configuration files in /etc/apache2/sites-available and activate them using:

sudo a2ensite <yourconfig>

You can disable the same configuration with:

sudo a2dissite <yourconfig>