Origin of the phrase 'redress the balance'

Solution 1:

Redress the balance:

Readjust matters, restore equilibrium, as in:

• If our party wins in a few big cities, it will redress the balance of urban and rural interests in the House. [Mid-1800s ]

(AHD)

Balance has a long history of figurative usages, "redress the balance" is one of those, from the mid-19th century: -

Balance:

• Many figurative uses are from Middle English image of the scales in the hands of personified Justice, Fortune, Fate, etc.; thus in (the) balance "at risk, in jeopardy or danger" (c. 1300). Balance of power in the geopolitical sense "distribution of forces among nations so that one may not dominate another" is from 1701.

(Etymonline)

The following figurative usage dates back to 1843, from The Dial:

• ..."and it now appears that we must estimate the native values of this immense region to redress the balance of our own judgment, and appreciate the advantages ..."

• There are literal usages of the expression (see Ngram), but it seems that is has been mainly used in a figurative sense.