Is there a way to insert an internal anchor/bookmark into MS Word document and later reference it?

Solution 1:

You didn't mention what version of Word you are using, but if you have 2007 or later, you'll want to look at Bookmarks which can be used to identify a location or a selection of text that you name and identify for future reference.

You can use bookmarks along with cross-references for the functionality you are looking for.